ABSTRACT
Background: Morbid obesity is rising around the world. It can cause unpleasant appearance and body image. Most of the studies have aimed to evaluate the psychopathology of overweight and obesity and paying attention to mental well-being in morbid obese individuals is rare. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship between body image and psychological well-being in morbid obese patients
Methods: This cross-sectional study, using simple random sampling method, was done on 124 morbid obese patients who referred to obesity clinic in Shiraz from 2016 to 2017. The data were collected by body image index and psychological well-being questionnaire. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient test, ANOVA, and Regression analysis
Results: The results showed a significant relationship between body image and psychological wellbeing [r=0.43] [P<0.001], and between the total score of the body image and all the subscales of psychological well-being except autonomy and purpose in life [P<0.05]. There was also a significant relationship between the total score of psychological well-being and all the subscales of body image [P<0.05]. However, there was no significant difference between the mean scores of the body image and those of psychological well-being in different categories of body mass index [BMI] [P>0.05]
Conclusion: Final results indicated that body image defects caused by obesity could lie in negative psychological well-being in all aspects. This study can promote health clinicians' knowledge in supporting of mental status of obese individuals. It is suggested that preventing and supporting intervention should be performed as effective methods for encountering and coping with psychological effects of obesity
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Body Image , Cross-Sectional Studies , Body Mass IndexABSTRACT
Currently, autologous and allogeneic adipose tissues represent a ubiquitous source of material for fat reconstructive therapies. However, these approaches are limited, and often accompanied by a 40-60% reduction in graft volume following transplantation, limited proliferative capacity of mature adipocytes for ex vivo expansion, and extensive adipocyte damage encountered when harvested with conventional liposuction techniques. Recently, cell-based approaches utilizing adipogenic progenitor cells for fat tissue engineering have been developed and were reported to promote both short-term in vivo adipogenesis and to repair defect sites. The aim of this study was to isolate stem cells from fat tissue than examine the growth of stem cells by invitro tests. For human adipose stem cell isolation [hASC], subcutaneous adipose tissue sites were obtained from female subjects undergoing elective procedures. Tissues were washed 3-4 times in phosphate buffered saline [PBS] and suspended in an equal volume of PBS supplemented with 1% FCS and 0.1% collagenase type I. The tissue was placed in an agitated water bath at 37 1C. The supernatant containing mature adipocytes, was aspirated. Portions of the SVF were suspended in DMEM medium. hASCs were selected based on their ability to adhere to tissue culture plastic and subsequently expanded to 75-90% confluence. Adipose stem cells were isolated and cultured on DMEM. To assess mesenchymal origin of stem cells we used flow-cytomery technique as well as differentiation to osteocyte and chondrocyte lines. The nature of the mesenchymal cells was confirmed by flow -cytometry techniques, based on the expression of CD90, CD105, CD166, and lack of expression of hematopoietic markers of CD34, CD31, and CD45. The successful differentiation of our stem cells to osteocyte, chondrocyte had been showed by specific Alizarin-Red and Toluidine-blue staining of cells. Although we have not the results of in vivo tests to support in vivo adipogenesis either alone or in combination with natural or synthetic matrix, the results showed that stem cells isolation from adipose tissue was successful, and we provided an environment for differentiation of stem cells
ABSTRACT
The direct and indirect negative impacts of hypertension on mortality and morbidity and the deficiencies in physicians' knowledge on its management prompted us to search for new methods of training this item. In this study, 2 methods of teaching-planned lecture and cooperation were compared in instructing hypertension to medical students. This study was designed to be a prospective analysis of the efficacy of 2 models of cooperation and planned lecture teaching of hypertension. The medical students, in the second term of the 2010 academic year who were introduced to the nephrology ward for their internal medicine course, were randomly assigned to 2 groups to be taught hypertension by 2 models of cooperation and planned lecture to compare their ad-; vantages and disadvantages. In their final exam 2 questions concerning the management of hypertension were asked with regard to evaluating the long-term impact of the models on learning. Data were analyzed by paired t-test to compare pre-and post-test in each group, and independent t-test was used to compare the average and standard deviation scores between groups. Fifty-one students participated in the study. The total number of students in the lecture [group 1] and cooperation [group 2] methods was 28 and 23, respectively. By independent t-test, differences in test scores indicated a similar achievement of the 2 methods for the endpoint of basic knowledge [P = 0.253]. But, the cooperation method was more successful in transferring abilities, primarily in the areas of workup and treatment [P < 0.05]. The study findings show that both methods can set in the optimal training for hypertension to students but that the cooperative method is more effective for deduction analysis
ABSTRACT
The effect of Triton X-100, Na cholate and Tween 80 on the solubilization of integral membrane proteins in intact cells, spheroplasts and inner-membrane fragments of Salmonella typhimurium was studied. The detergents were used in various concentrations [1.6 to 64 mM] and cytochromes b and d were used as marker to monitor the solubilization of membrane-bound proteins. Results showed that no inner-membrane protein solubilization was detected after the treatment of intact cells with detergents. The effect of Na cholate and Tween 80 on spheroplasts and inner-membrane fragments was also negligible in comparison to Triton X-100. Triton X-100 solubilized cytochromes from inner-membrane fragments more efficiently than from spheroplasts. The ratio of total protein solubilization to solubilize cytochromes showed that in spheroplasts this ratio was maximum at 1.6 mM Triton X-100 while it was maximum at 16-32 mM Triton X-100 in inner-membrane fragments. This difference between spheroplasts and inner-membrane fragments may be due to the orientation of the inner- membrane in spheroplasts [right side out] and inner-membrane fragments [in-side out as well as right side out], and to the presence of peripheral proteins attached to cytoplasmic membrane in spheroplasts